Definition of reactive power and active power

Definition of reactive power and active power:

1, apparent power: In AC circuits, the product of the effective value of voltage and the effective value of current in sinusoidal AC circuits is called apparent power. It only indicates the * large power that the circuit may provide or the * large active power that the circuit may consume. Does not represent the power consumed by AC circuit practice.

2, active power: the power consumed by the pure resistance circuit is active power, and its voltage and current are in phase.

3, reactive power: the power consumed by pure inductance or pure capacitance is reactive power, and the phase difference between voltage and current is 90 degrees. to be strict, reactive power is not consumed, but only continuous communication between power supply and load.

Work power is the electric power required to adhere to the normal operation of electrical equipment, that is, the electric power that converts electrical energy into other forms of energy (mechanical energy, light energy, heat energy). For example, a 5.5 kW motor converts 5.5 kW electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive a water pump or a thresher to threshing; various lighting equipment converts electrical energy into light energy for people's life and work lighting. The symbol of active power is represented by P, and the units are watts (W), kilowatts (KW), and megawatts (MW). Reactive power is more general, it is used in the electric field and magnetic field of the circuit, and used to establish and maintain the electric power of the magnetic field in the electrical equipment. It does not work externally, but is transformed into energy in other ways.

Any electrical equipment with electromagnetic coils consumes reactive power to establish a magnetic field. For example, a 40-watt fluorescent lamp needs more than 40 watts of active power (the ballast also needs to consume a local active power) to emit light, and also needs about 80 watts of reactive power for the coil of the ballast to set up an alternating magnetic field. Because it does not work externally, it is called "reactive". The symbol for reactive power is denoted by Q in units of VAR or KVAR. Distribution network in the electrical rationality of electrical equipment such as transformers, motors, welding machines, air conditioners, washing machines, refrigerators, sodium lamps, fluorescent lamps, etc. put into operation, not only from the power network to absorb active power for work, but also to absorb reactive power to establish a magnetic field, so that lead to the natural power factor of power customers are relatively low. China's electricity consumption of electricity customers, the rules must reach the power factor specification.

They are a power triangle j = √ 3UICOSjP = S?COS

j = √ 3UISINjQ = S?SIN

S = √ 3UI

active power is commonly used in watts or kilowatts, reactive power

rate is in volts or kilovolts, apparent power is in volts or kilovolts

is the clamp J of active power and apparent power, phase angle

represents J angle, called force rate angle or power factor angle, COS

The ratio of active power P to apparent power S is called force

rate or power factor.

j In a rational circuit, the current lags behind the voltage, "j0,Q is positive, while in a capacitive circuit, the current leads the voltage," 0,Q is negative

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